Summary: Three-dimensional and complex curved surface is measured accurately in domestic and international it is a difficult problem, the author is solve this difficult problem, developed laser of numerical control of a kind of 6 axes quick and three-dimensional measuring instrument. The article introduced laser of 6 axes numerical control in some detail characteristic of principle of the development setting of three-dimensional measuring instrument, basic composition, job, structure. Executive result makes clear, quick and three-dimensional measuring instrument has laser of develops 6 axes numerical control to measure the effect very well, can satisfy complex and three-dimensional curved surface to be measured accurately. Keyword: Laser of 6 axes numerical control measures three-dimensional measuring instrument complex curved surface measures structural characteristic accurately one, the tool that foreword measures common thing place to use and instrument, besides measure (feet, callipers) , gauge (step pitch compasses) , dial gauge outside measuring appliance, also have the 2 dimension data that uses umbriferous video measuring instrument, numerical control to measure microscope to measure thing. Three-dimensional model the face is measured use bougie contact three-dimensional measuring instrument, portable the laser of laser scanning measuring instrument, illuminator (dog) the instrument equipment such as interference measuring instrument. 2 dimension, three-dimensional measuring is in traditional dot bit righter linear distance measures the development on the foundation to rise. 2 dimension are measured, lamplight of thing have the aid of is umbriferous the action with magnifier, coordinate comparing is opposite the 2 dimension of the exterior outline that can show thing and set, measures number is not very essence of life is accurate, measuring precision to ask is not very tall an outcome can be measured quickly below premise. Because 2 dimension measuring instrument is not measured,giving the spirit with higher thing to allow to spend, also do not have a law to measure the true and three-dimensional data of thing, the development that is hard to satisfy accurate production industry needs, be badly in need of developing three-dimensional measure technology and three-dimensional measuring instrument. The 3 coordinate measuring instrument that uses at present is made by the sharp movement rod of 3 orthogonality, with measure a head (pellet, circle bead or bougie) go meeting the face that touchs the thing that be measured, through acute contact inductor will touch touched signal to be passed to the monitor that answers relatively or computer. This kind 3 coordinate are measured machine the three-dimensional curved surface that is used at comparing regulation is more convenient, but should measure complex and three-dimensional curved surface accurately or compare difficulty, measure floating rate to be restricted to be worth not only, and measure precision to be hard to assure, especially the complex and three-dimensional curved surface that certain profile existence caves, cannot measure even. Blame contact is portable laser scanning is measured, use mostly measure in large thing. Portable although measure speed fast, but precision is not tall, often be in car exterior, the modelling of large component part is measured in be used. Bulk of the thing that be measured heals big, the space that when measuring, needs also heals big, operation personnel needs ground of fluctuation, left and right sides, around to ambulate absorb data. Laser is interfered (dog) measure the precision that is used in tool machine on, can measure taller repetition fixed position precision, also can measure dynamic thing shift place, but unsuited the three-dimensional coordinate place that measures every to nod, unsuited also use at nice spare parts, workpiece, mould to wait three-dimensional measure. The three-dimensional laser that supplies on the market at present is measured machine, although belong to the scanning that is not contact to measure, but because what use laser to measure a head,still compare difficulty when measuring complex and three-dimensional curved surface accurately, measure precision to be hard to assure not only, put in caving complex and three-dimensional curved surface to certain profile, cannot undertake even. 2, the main group of three-dimensional measuring instrument becomes laser of 6 axes numerical control to be measured accurately what solve three-dimensional and complex curved surface quickly, the laser of 6 axes numerical control that if the graph is shown 1 times,the author developed is quick and three-dimensional measuring instrument, include: 1, survey aircraft machinery system: (Base of linkage of axis of the X that A) granite gives priority to body, Y, Z3 and measure workbench (the sharp movement rod of 3 orthogonality forms: Outfit of system of Y guide rail is measuring workbench " 4 " below, guide measure workbench " 4 " the beam on pillar of around shift; " 6 " installation has system of X guide rail, make laser measures a head " 11 " outfit of system of rail of guide of or so mobile;Z holds centrally sliding stock, guide installation to laser measures a head " 11 " 90 rotating clamp are provided " 10 " fluctuation is mobile) the device of exact location clamping apparatus that;(b) can rotate two groups (a group of 360 rotating clamp are provided " 12 " place measuring workbench " , can drive the thing that be measured to rotate inside XY plane another group of 360 90 rotating clamp are provided " 10 " find a place for be in in the center of Z axis on sliding stock, can drive laser to measure a head " 11 " rotate in YZ plane or ZX plane 90);2, laser transmits survey a system: By laser, fiber-optic transmit reach laser to measure a head to comprise;3, computer to control a center: Include labour to control system of drive of control of machine and its data processing, sport and;4 of 3D graph software, electric control: Include grating feet, electric driver and communication servo electric machinery to wait. 1, ;4 of feet of;3 of bracket;2, base, grating measures slideway of axis of;7 of;6 of workbench;5, pillar, beam, X;10 of slideway of axis of;9 of;8, central sliding stock, Z, 90 rotating clamp provide;11; laser measures a;12, 360 rotating clamp to provide;13. Set the thing that be measured above all in the graph a shown granitic test desk " 4 " the 360 rotating clamp that go up are provided " 12 " on, handlers according to be being measured bulk of the appearance of thing, dimension installs laser to measure a head " 11 " the data that the athletic path relative to the thing that be measured and laser of scanning contrail; measure a head to measure scanning conveys to control a center to computer " 14 " , all and three-dimensional geometry that can output place of the thing that be measured to want to measure is numeric. If need to output corresponding three-dimensional figure, the numerical value that should measure place carries 3D graph to reframe module, reexport is measured the three-dimensional graph of thing. Nextpage pursues block diagram of principle of job of quick and three-dimensional measuring instrument is like laser of numerical control of 2 6 axes to be measured thing is very complex, even flank existence caves and sunken aperture, rely on laser to measure a head from on be down scanning to detect is unavailable accurate measurement of data. Right now convertibility coordinate is, the device of exact location clamping apparatus that goes up in Z axis through installation, make laser measures an alignment to be measured the surface that thing needs to measure, detect via scanning obtains measurement data, after carrying computer to undertake coordinate department alternates computation is handled, all and three-dimensional geometry that also can output place of the thing that be measured accurately to want to measure is numeric. 4, laser of 6 axes numerical control is three-dimensional the structural characteristic of the measuring instrument 1, base of linkage of axis of the X that granite gives priority to body, Y, Z3: The measuring instrument base that is make it of main component part with natural granitic material (graph 1 medium " 1 " ) : Crossbeam is reached with pillar on the base that holds axis of X, Y, Z3 park principal part respectively (dragon door type) on, 3 groups of driver reach servo electric machinery, drive structure of 3 axes drive to part on base and beam severally shift or 3 axes linkage. Transmission structure also adds linear slideway by 3 groups of accurate screw severally or conveyer belt adds steam float device to comprise. This structure is OK when measuring workpiece or thing reach this workpiece or thing laser sensor (the contact probe that traditional place uses) the displacement that does three dimensional space of the left and right sides that answers relatively, around, fluctuation. Granite is taken from natural material, can finish machining, the quality after shaping is stable, heat is out of shape small, can wear well, regard measuring instrument main body as the structure, ensure the nicety when measuring asks, convenient also installation all drive disk assembly, wear-resisting, hardness is tall it is the optimal construction system that makes steam float device more. Drive disk assembly uses accurate screw to add linear slideway or transmission belt to add unit of steam float group, 3 axes still must add at the same time grating or magnetism bar, so that can be adjusted, amend, when compensation is rotational because of screw pitch, transmission takes the error that the component such as gear causes, ensure every time displacement or the precision demand that repeat fixed position. 2, device of two groups of exact location clamping apparatus that can rotate among them a 360 rotating clamp are provided, can adjust rotate speed to reach contain scale and workpiece installing hole rotary table, install the workpiece be measuringed on clamping apparatus dial (wait like screw, crankshaft, transmission shaft) also subsequently synchronous, coaxial heart rotates, corner coming back spends a basis to measure need make choice of. Size of 360 dial coming back also inspects the size of the workpiece that be measured to decide. Another is 90 rotating clamp to provide, installation is on Z axis, can rotate in YZ plane or ZX plane 90 rotate, corner coming back is spent inspect the workpiece that be measured to appearance and installation ask and be decided. 3, laser measures head laser to measure a head to use sensor of displacement of laser of high accuracy 2D, installation is fixed in Z axis 90 rotate fixed position clamping apparatus " 10 " lower part. Clamping apparatus of fixed position of the roll when the operation can make the thing that is measured 2 dimension (the complete scanning of 2D) , detect a data that thing be metricaled nods every, classics computer data outputs accurate 3 coordinate data after operation processing. 4, center of control of computer of computer control center uses a function strong, capacity the big, computer that runs fast, high definition to display screen (computer) , how to measure control software, data processing software and 3 dimension graph to reframe of athletic control and laser software. 5, ground of Shu Rou sex transmits the laser that uses fiber-optic technology to produce laser to measure a head to laser () of sensor of displacement of laser of high accuracy 2D, and allow laser to measure an aleatoric shift and roll, accuse laser to realize 6 number of axle quick and three-dimensional measure created a condition. 6, 6 axes motion controls software: Dominate the electric machinery of axis of X, Y, Z3 respectively, prompt 3 axes linkage, shift well and truly. Software program of the grating that must go up with 3 axes or output of magnetism bar signal, input interrelates. Of the dial coming back on workbench of installation workpiece park and the clamping apparatus of two fixed position of the sensor that hold clip rotate to also be controlled by software. 7, have the scanning data that can accept self-excitation smooth sensor to try to arrange, choose and calculative is special software. What want software at present the whole world still is not had off-the-peg can use, remain to already studied with many university and science the unit cooperates oneself, undertake 2 times developing finishing on existing foundation. "6 " with " 7 " the laser of 6 axes numerical control that nicety of software look look, interactive ability uses this invention well and truly is quick and three-dimensional measuring instrument, achieve expect result. 5, limited company of equipment of many electron of executive effect Shanghai develops " laser of 6 axes numerical control is three-dimensional measuring instrument " already filed patent to bureau of national intellectual property (invent patent name 2012101718513, 2012202473608) of date of practical and new-style patent, attended the 7th international to invent exhibition to 12 days on November 9, 2012, via extending the strict evaluation that meets an expert, be judged to be international invention to exhibit can silver-colored award, invented association director Ms. Zhu Lilan to issue medal and certificate of merit by chairman of union of international contriver association Mr Andelasi and China. 1, heat of natural granite material is out of shape small, it is the main component part that nicety measures industry to be used generally, the condition that at present home machines has been had, raw material need not be imported more. Comprehensive promotion uses a three-dimensional measuring instrument of an invention to measure technical level to rise to domestic nicety, or it is energy-saving the metropolis in the process that reduces platoon and industrial automation has very great help. 2, the soft, hardware of a development achievement tries to use a technology adroitly, the effect that exerts actually is achieved expect an end. After the whole world applies extensively, conduce to drive nicety to make the progress that measures a trade with nicety, saving labor power resource and adding productivity side effect also is considerable. 3, a development achievement, conduce to solve complex and three-dimensional curved surface to measure difficult problem accurately. Can obtain taller measurement not only essence of life is spent definitely (measure precision to be in point-blank 0. ) of 005mm less than, and the complex and three-dimensional curved surface that caves to certain profile existence also can undertake nicety is measured. CNC Milling